Wireless Data Transmission

Full Answer Section

1. Narrowband:

   • This technique uses a narrow frequency band for transmission. It is commonly used in cellular networks and Wi-Fi.  

Components of a Radio System

A radio system typically consists of the following components:

1. Transmitter:

   • Oscillator: Generates a carrier wave at a specific frequency.
   • Modulator: Combines the carrier wave with the information signal (audio, video, or data).  
   • Power Amplifier: Amplifies the modulated signal to increase its power and range.  
   • Antenna: Radiates the amplified signal into the air.

2. Receiver:

   • Antenna: Receives the radio waves and converts them into electrical signals.  
   • Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA): Amplifies the weak received signal.  
   • Mixer: Shifts the frequency of the received signal to an intermediate frequency (IF).
   • Filter: Removes unwanted frequencies and noise.  
   • Detector: Extracts the original information signal from the IF signal.  
   • Audio Amplifier: Amplifies the recovered audio signal for output.

3. Propagation Medium:

   • The medium through which radio waves travel, such as air, water, or space.

4. Power Supply:

   • Provides the necessary power to operate the transmitter and receiver circuits.

By understanding these components and transmission techniques, we can appreciate the complexity of wireless communication systems and the engineering marvels that enable them.

Sample Answer

Wireless Transmission Types

There are two primary types of wireless transmissions:

1. Spread Spectrum:

   • Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS): This technique involves rapidly switching the carrier frequency of a transmission over a wide frequency band. This makes it difficult for interference to disrupt the signal.  
   • Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS): This technique spreads the signal across a wider bandwidth, making it more resistant to interference and noise.