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Child Development Robert s. Feldman 7th 2016

Author: Rose Powell
Australian dollar’s next stop? US65¢ predicted as commodity prices decline
by Rose Powell
Falling commodities prices have slammed the currencies of resource and agriculture-heavy
economies, including Australia, where analysts are forecasting the dollar to weaken further, possibly
to US65¢.
Major fund manager BlackRock is forecasting a continued slide to US70¢ by the end of the year.
Capital Economics went further, anticipating an even faster fall to US65¢ by the end of 2016.
On Friday the Australian dollar was trading at US74¢, down 1.51 per cent in the past week.
The currencies of commodity-heavy economies such as Australia are the worst-performing this year
as falling commodity prices pressuring similar countries New Zealand and Canada to cut interest
rates as markets ready for them to continue to drop.
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While Australia grapples with lower key commodity value such as iron ore, deteriorating commodity
prices forced the Bank of Canada to lower its benchmark to 0.5 per cent in a bid to stimulate the
economy on Thursday night.
New Zealand is also expected to cut rates again, from 3.25 per cent to 3 per cent as dairy prices
continue to decline.
“The dollars of Australia, New Zealand and Canada have been three of the worst-performing major
currencies so far this year. Despite the fact that they have already fallen a long way, we expect them
to weaken further,” Capital Economics John Higgins said.
Commonwealth Bank chief currency strategist Richard Grace said the declining commodity prices
were creating huge and sustained impact on the dollar and economy.
“The dollar is very sensitive to commodity prices,” Mr Grace said. “Commodity prices and terms of
trade are the clearest long-run indicators for the Australian dollar and economy.”
He added interest rates were likely to stay low or be cut again as the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA)
dealt with below-trend gross domestic product and softer domestic demand that is placing upwards
pressure on unemployment.
If the dollar declines too far, Australia’s terms of trade could become so steep that businesses cut
back on importing new technologies, influencing their international competitiveness, which flows
through to employment concerns.
“Capital imports have been falling for a few years because mining investment has slowed so much,”
Mr Grace said. “We’ve not seen a threshold with the dollar crossed yet, but it would be difficult for
retailers to raise prices amid upward pressure on unemployment.”
Commodity prices are likely to continue to decline. Last week, the International Monetary Fund
revised down its forecast for global growth, indicating the glut of commodities is likely to push prices
down as demand slows.
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“Financial markets are pricing in about an 80 per cent chance of an additional interest rate cut [in
Australia] by February 2016,” Mr Grace said.
Capital Economics is anticipating an interest rate cut of 0.5 per cent to 1.5 per cent by the RBA before
the March 2016.
While Australia, Canada and New Zealand are preparing to cut rates, the United States and United
Kingdom are likely to raise rates later this year, which would cause a further decline in value for the
Aussie.
The greenback reached a six-week high at the end of the week as the European Central Bank
announced liquidity boosting measures for Greece.
Fairfax Media Australia
Assignment
From the article titled ‘Australian dollar’s next stop? US65¢ predicted as commodity prices
decline’ (Australian Financial Review July 17, 2015), answer the following questions.
(a) Briefly summarise the main issues discussed in this article? [Not exceeding 200 words] –
(25 Marks)
(b) Using Demand and Supply model of exchange rate determination briefly explain how
AUD is determined in the forex market, and what factors influence its fluctuations. – (15
Marks)
(c) Using exchange rate data from Reserve Bank of Australia and graphs (monthly data of
last three years) analyse the movement of AUD relative to that of the US dollar? Is it in line
with the world commodity price movement during this period? Are there any other factors
contributing to this behaviour of the Australian dollar? – (25 Marks)
(d) Do you think that the AUD will fall as low as US 65C by the end of 2016? Justify your
answer. What advantages do you think Australia will have in such a scenario? – (15 Marks)
(e) If the market rate is US 65C then what action could the Reserve Bank of Australia take in
order to maintain the exchange rate at US 70C, and what side effects might this action have
on the Australian economy? Do you think that such actions would be effective? – (20 Marks)
Word Limit: 2000 words maximum. Word count (excluding references) must be provided.
Excess words will not be marked.

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Instructions
1. This assignment is marked out of 100 and is worth 25 per cent of overall marks.
2. At least 4 relevant references are required regarding the issue featured in your
allocated topic.
3. Turnitin Report: It will be compulsory for all students to submit the written
assignment (final version) into the Turnitin system before submitting the hard copy to
the tutor. Students are encouraged to submit drafts of the assignment before the due
date, enabling students to check their referencing and rectify any issues before
submission of the final version.
a. In the absence of the submission of the Turnitin report, a zero mark will be
awarded for this assignment task.
b. A similarity index of less than 10 per cent is expected in your assignment.
Zero tolerance applies for plagiarism
4. Hand in your hard copy of the assignment to the tutor on or before Week 8 of
Trimester 3. Penalty applies for late submission.

ECON910 Trimester 3 2015
Case Study – Marking Guide
Marks are allocated according to the following criteria:
Analytical Ability 60%
Research depth 20%
Presentation 10%
References 10%
Analytical Ability:
Correct understanding of the question(s)
Definition/explanation of key concepts
Analysis/discussion of the question ensuring a meaningful flow of ideas in
relation to the main theme
Adequate data are presented and graphs properly drawn (where
necessary)
Relevancy of material presented
Display of theoretical knowledge as necessary
Adequacy/coverage of the topic
When you answer each part of the topic, please ensure to meet the above
requirements. Marks are allocated as follows:
Part a – 15 marks
Part b – 09 marks
Part c – 15 marks
Part d – 09 marks
Part e – 12 marks
Total 60 marks
Research Depth:
Evidence of wider reading relevant to the question/s, and justification of
strong comments/arguments with appropriate references in the text.
Relevant data/information gathered from reliable sources. (20 marks)
Presentation:
General formatting (space, paragraphing, page break etc.)
Grammar and spelling checks
Appendices if appropriate
Assignment cover sheet/ signed as own (10 marks)
Tables/graphs, if applicable, are properly prepared and labelled
References:
List of references (minimum 4 relevant references) attached
Inclusion of all in- text references in the List
Harvard Style followed (author date system)
Alphabetical order followed
(Excessive use of web sources should be avoided) (10 marks)
Marks will be reduced for:
Cut, copy and paste,
Evidence of plagiarism /collaboration,
Late submission
Cautionary Note:
Turnitin submissions should be made prior to hard copy submission.
When you submit your written assessment to Turnitin, the system generates an
‘originality report’ that highlights the similarity found between the
assessment and all the sources
Turnitin does not check that references are in the correct Harvard format.
No submissions of Turnitin Report with Essay – 0 marks.
Above 10% similarity results in penalty
Hard copy submission should be made in the tutorial hour in Week 8.