“Standing on one foot”

There is a story in the Mishnah about a non-Jewish man approaching the great 1st c. BCE Rabbi Shammai and saying, “Teach me the whole Torah while standing on one foot, and I will convert to Judaism.” The phrase “standing on one foot” means that the man was asking for the message of the whole Torah in a matter of a couple of sentences. (Presumably, these Rabbis were not practitioners of yoga who could stand for a great length of time on one foot.) Shammai found this question insulting, and chased the man away with a stick. The same non-Jewish man approached Shammai’s chevruta partner Rabbi Hillel. He repeated his demand: “Teach me the whole Torah while standing on one foot, and I will convert to Judaism.” Hillel looked at the man, stood on one foot, and said: “That which is hateful to you, do not do to your neighbor. The rest is commentary. Now go and study.” And the man converted to Judaism.
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