Social inequality.
Almost every type of society that has ever existed has been marked by some form(s) of social inequality. Using one of the sociological theories (or theorists) you’ve learned about so far, discuss why, according to that theory, social inequality exists, and then use that theory to discuss what, if anything, you think can be done about it.
Compare and contrast one form of society (hunter-gatherer, pastoral/horticultural, agricultural, or industrial) with the post-industrial society of the United States. What are their differences? In what way do you think these differences could matter for the people who live in these societies? And do they have anything in common?
Sample Answer
Social inequality is the unequal distribution of resources, power, and opportunities within a society. It can be based on a number of factors, including social class, race, ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation.
There are many different sociological theories that explain why social inequality exists. One of the most well-known is conflict theory. Conflict theorists argue that social inequality is the result of conflict between different groups in society. These groups compete for resources and power, and the ones who are more successful in this competition are able to maintain their position of privilege.
According to conflict theory, there is nothing that can be done to completely eliminate social inequality. However, it is possible to reduce it by redistributing resources and power more evenly. This can be done through government policies, such as affirmative action and social welfare programs.