Psychiatric neurotransmitters that are involved in the pathophysiology

Construct a way for you to remember the psychiatric neurotransmitters that are involved in the pathophysiology of many psychiatric disorders and the psychopharmacology. The assignment will need to include all 5 of the most important neurotransmitters we focus on: serotonin, norepinephrine, GABA, acetylcholine, and dopamine. What psychological properties are associated with each of the neurotransmitters? What are the most common disorders associated with an imbalance of each neurotransmitter? What drug classes are associated with each of the neurotransmitters? Be creative with this assignment

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Imagine your brain as a bustling, intricate city, where different neighborhoods are powered by distinct “neuro-residents” – our neurotransmitters. Each resident has a unique personality and function, and when they’re out of balance, their neighborhood (and the whole city!) experiences problems. Understanding their roles helps us navigate the complexities of psychiatric disorders and their treatments.

Let’s take a tour of the Brain’s Inner City: A Guide to Neurotransmitter Neighborhoods.


 

1. Serenity Street (Serotonin – 5-HT)

 

  • Psychological Properties: Serenity Street is the heart of calm, well-being, and emotional stability. Its residents are the “Mood Maestros,” influencing your happiness, impulse control, appetite, sleep cycles, and even digestion. They help you feel content and balanced.

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  • Common Disorders Associated with Imbalance:
    • Low Serotonin: When Serenity Street runs low on its vital energy, residents can become gloomy and lose interest (Major Depressive Disorder), feel constantly worried (Anxiety Disorders), or get stuck in repetitive thoughts and behaviors (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder – OCD). Eating habits might also go awry.
  • Associated Drug Classes:
    • SSRI Solutions: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine (Prozac) and sertraline (Zoloft) boost Serenity’s presence by preventing its reabsorption.
    • SNRI Supercharge: Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) like venlafaxine (Effexor) also help.
    • TCA Tranquilizers: Older Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) also affect serotonin.

 

2. Action Avenue (Norepinephrine – NE / Noradrenaline)

 

  • Psychological Properties: This avenue is the city’s high-energy hub, home to the “Alertness Alarms” and “Energy Executives.” Residents here are always alert, focused, and ready for action. They control your attention, arousal, energy levels, and are crucial for the “fight-or-flight” stress response.
  • Common Disorders Associated with Imbalance:
    • Low Norepinephrine: If Action Avenue’s energy dips, the city feels sluggish, unmotivated, struggles with concentration (Major Depressive Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder – ADHD).
    • High Norepinephrine: If it’s too high, the city goes into overdrive, feeling constantly on edge, restless, and experiencing panic (Anxiety Disorders, Panic Attacks).

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