Hazard Analysis Techniques

Imagine you are the safety manager for a large company that manufactures cardboard products. The organization has been developing a risk management process over the past year, and has determined that Preliminary Hazard Analysis, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, and Bow-Tie Analysis are the possible choices for the risk assessment technique to be used. You have been asked to provide your recommendation on which one of the three techniques should be adopted. Once completed and implemented, the new risk management process will be used to evaluate existing operations as well as proposed new processes.

Compose a document that explains the advantages and disadvantages of each of the three methods and recommends one for adoption. Include examples that support the discussion. You may make assumptions about the organization and its operations as needed, but be sure you state the assumptions. Be sure to use information from your textbook and other resources to defend your decision.

Full Answer Section

Disadvantages of PHA:

  • Can be superficial and may not identify all hazards
  • Does not consider the likelihood or severity of hazards
  • Does not identify control measures

Example:

A PHA could be used to identify the hazards associated with the manufacturing of cardboard products. Some of the hazards that could be identified include:

  • Falls from ladders
  • Electrical shocks
  • Exposure to hazardous chemicals
  • Machine guarding
  • Fire

Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

An FMEA is a more detailed risk assessment method that can be used to identify and assess the potential failures of a system or product. It is a good option for organizations that need to assess a specific system or product in more detail.

Advantages of FMEA:

  • More detailed than PHA
  • Considers the likelihood and severity of hazards
  • Can identify control measures

Disadvantages of FMEA:

  • More time-consuming and expensive than PHA
  • Can be difficult to conduct if the system or product is complex

Example:

An FMEA could be used to identify the potential failures of a cardboard machine. Some of the potential failures that could be identified include:

  • The machine may not start
  • The machine may not produce the correct product
  • The machine may produce a defective product
  • The machine may cause a fire

Bow-Tie Analysis

A Bow-Tie Analysis is a graphical risk assessment method that can be used to identify and assess the risks associated with a system or process. It is a good option for organizations that need to understand the causes and consequences of hazards in more detail.

Advantages of Bow-Tie Analysis:

  • Graphical representation of the risk
  • Can identify the causes and consequences of hazards
  • Can identify control measures

Disadvantages of Bow-Tie Analysis:

  • More time-consuming and expensive than PHA or FMEA
  • Can be difficult to conduct if the system or process is complex

Example:

A Bow-Tie Analysis could be used to identify the causes and consequences of a fire in a cardboard factory. Some of the causes of a fire could include:

  • Electrical short circuit
  • Faulty machinery
  • Improper storage of flammable materials

Some of the consequences of a fire could include:

  • Damage to property
  • Injuries to workers
  • Production delays

Recommendation:

Based on the advantages and disadvantages of each method, I recommend that the company adopt the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method for its risk assessment process. FMEA is a more detailed method than PHA and can identify the likelihood and severity of hazards. It can also identify control measures to mitigate the risks.

However, the company should also consider the specific needs of its operations when making a decision. If the company is new to risk assessment, PHA may be a better option. If the company needs to assess a large number of hazards quickly, PHA may also be a good option.

The company should also consider the cost and time involved in each method. FMEA is more time-consuming and expensive than PHA. The company should weigh the cost and time of each method against the benefits that it expects to achieve.

Ultimately, the decision of which method to adopt should be made by the company based on its specific needs and requirements.

Sample Answer

here is a document that explains the advantages and disadvantages of each of the three methods and recommends one for adoption:

Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA)

A PHA is a simple and quick risk assessment method that can be used to identify and assess hazards early in the design process. It is a good option for organizations that are new to risk assessment or that need to assess a large number of hazards quickly.

Advantages of PHA:

  • Simple and quick to conduct
  • Can be used to assess a large number of hazards
  • Can be used early in the design process
  • Can be used to identify hazards that may not be obvious