Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA)

Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) is an outstanding tool for evaluating potential sources of failure, the possible effects of failure, and mitigation actions that would reduce the consequences of failure for a given process. As a current or future health care administration leader, FMEA is a necessary tool to help your aim in reducing errors in health care delivery.

For this Discussion, review the ASQ article and the application of FMEA discussed in the article. Then download the free FMEA template. Using this template as a mental guide, think about a process in your health services organization, or an organization with which you are familiar, that might fail.

FMEA template

Post a description of a process in your organization, or an organization with which you are familiar, that might be subject to failure. Explain the potential failure modes and effects as well as the criticality associated with failures. Also, suggest mitigation techniques that will address the failure. Be specific and provide examples. Calculate risk priority numbers for various failure elements of this process using your own assessment of severity, likelihood of occurrence, and detectability. From your analysis, do you believe your organization is prepared for this process to fail? Why, or why not?

Resource

http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/process-analysis-tools/overview/fmea.html

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Sample Answer

Process: The process of administering medication to patients in a hospital.

Potential Failure Modes:

  • Failure to administer the correct medication: This could result in the patient receiving the wrong medication, which could have serious consequences, including death.
  • Failure to administer the correct dosage: This could result in the patient receiving too much or too little medication, which could also have serious consequences.
  • Failure to administer the medication at the correct time: This could result in the medication being ineffective or even harmful.

Effects of Failure:

  • Patient harm: The most serious consequence of failure to administer medication correctly is patient harm. This could include death, serious injury, or even permanent disability.
  • Financial loss: The hospital could also suffer financial losses if a patient is harmed as a result of medication errors.
  • Reputational damage: The hospital’s reputation could also be damaged if a patient is harmed as a result of medication errors.

Full Answer Section

Mitigation Techniques:

  • Double-checking: The most important mitigation technique is to double-check all medication orders before they are administered. This means that two people should independently check the order to make sure that it is correct.
  • Using barcoding: Barcoding can also be used to help prevent medication errors. Barcodes can be used to identify medications and ensure that they are administered correctly.
  • Training: Staff should be properly trained in the correct procedures for administering medication. This training should include how to double-check orders and how to use barcoding.

Risk Priority Numbers:

  • Severity: I would rate the severity of failure to administer medication correctly as high. This is because the consequences of failure could be serious or even fatal.
  • Likelihood of Occurrence: I would rate the likelihood of occurrence of failure to administer medication correctly as medium. This is because medication errors are not uncommon, but they are not always fatal.
  • Detectability: I would rate the detectability of failure to administer medication correctly as low. This is because medication errors can be difficult to detect, especially if they are not caught immediately.

Conclusion:

Based on my analysis, I believe that my organization is not fully prepared for the process of administering medication to patients to fail. This is because the severity of the consequences of failure is high, the likelihood of occurrence is medium, and the detectability is low. I recommend that the organization implement additional mitigation techniques, such as double-checking and using barcoding, to reduce the risk of medication errors.

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