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The Western assumption that sex and gender are “natural” categories is based on the belief that there are only two sexes, male and female, and that these sexes are biologically determined. This assumption is challenged by the existence of fa’afafine and hijras, who do not fit neatly into either sex or gender category.

Fa’afafine are assigned male at birth, but they express a feminine gender identity. Hijras are also assigned male at birth, but they identify as a third gender. The existence of fa’afafine and hijras shows that sex and gender are not simply biological categories, but also social and cultural constructs.

What benefits are there to having flexible gender roles in a society?

There are a number of benefits to having flexible gender roles in a society. For example, flexible gender roles can allow people to express their true selves without fear of discrimination or prejudice. They can also lead to a more inclusive and equitable society, where everyone is valued and respected regardless of their gender identity or expression.

Additionally, flexible gender roles can lead to a more diverse and creative workforce. When people are not limited by traditional gender roles, they are more likely to pursue careers and interests that align with their skills and talents. This can lead to a more innovative and productive society.

Here are some specific examples of the benefits of flexible gender roles:

• Increased economic productivity: When people are free to pursue careers and interests that align with their skills and talents, they are more likely to be productive and successful. This can lead to increased economic growth for society as a whole.
• Reduced gender inequality: Flexible gender roles can help to reduce gender inequality by challenging traditional gender stereotypes and expectations. This can lead to a more equitable society where everyone has the same opportunities to succeed.
• Increased individual well-being: When people are free to express their true selves without fear of discrimination or prejudice, they are more likely to be happy and healthy. This can lead to a more cohesive and harmonious society.

Overall, there are many benefits to having flexible gender roles in a society. Flexible gender roles can lead to a more inclusive, equitable, and prosperous society for everyone.