Criminal Law (UK_English Law
Criminal Law (UK_English Law
Order Description
Critically evaluate the Intention in English Law (Criminal Law _UK cases)
* Difficult to apply the test of intention , why?
Direct intention: Steane 1947
indirect or oblique intention: Smith (1960)
Hyam (1975)
Moloney (1985)
Hancock & Shankland (1986)
the leading cases Nedrick (1986) 'foresight of a virtual certainty" test, approved in Wooling.
Wooling (1998) = substantial risk was not the law it was virtually certain
Mattews; Alleyne (2003) "infer" to "find
and others cases if are needed.