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Assessing a patient

A 41-year-old male presents to the doctor’s office you work at complaining of a sore throat and headache. Upon examination, he is diagnosed with a virus that is currently prevalent in the area he works. He is told to rest and drink liquids until the virus has run its course. He becomes irate and tells you he wants an antibiotic.

How could you explain to him why he does not need an antibiotic?
What are some alternatives you could consider for a patient who demands an antibiotic?

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Sample Answer

I would explain to the patient that antibiotics are not effective against viruses. Viruses are different from bacteria, and antibiotics only kill bacteria. The virus that the patient has will eventually go away on its own, and taking an antibiotic will not make it go away any faster. In fact, taking an antibiotic when it is not necessary can lead to side effects and can also contribute to the development of antibiotic resistance.

I would also explain to the patient that there are other ways to treat a viral infection. These include:

  • Rest: Getting plenty of rest helps the body’s immune system fight off the infection.
  • Fluids: Drinking plenty of fluids helps to keep the body hydrated and helps to loosen mucus.
  • Over-the-counter pain relievers: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help to relieve pain and fever.

Full Answer Section

  • Home remedies: There are a number of home remedies that can help to relieve the symptoms of a viral infection, such as gargling with salt water or drinking hot tea with honey.

If the patient is still insistent on getting an antibiotic, I would explain to them that I am not comfortable prescribing an antibiotic that is not necessary. I would also explain to them the risks of antibiotic resistance and how it can make it more difficult to treat infections in the future.

Ultimately, the decision of whether or not to take an antibiotic is up to the patient. However, I would do my best to educate the patient about the risks and benefits of antibiotics so that they can make an informed decision.

Here are some additional things that I could do to help the patient:

  • Listen to the patient’s concerns and explain why I am not prescribing an antibiotic.
  • Offer to provide the patient with more information about viruses and antibiotics.
  • Refer the patient to a trusted source of information, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
  • Be patient and understanding, as the patient may be feeling frustrated and scared.

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