An exhaustive key search to decrypt the following ciphertext

  1. [20 Points] Please evaluate the following being sure to show all calculations:
    (a) [5 Points] 7503 mod 81
    (b) 5 Points mod 81
    (c) [5 Points] 81 mod 7503
    (d) 5 Points mod 7503
  2. [10 Points] Use an exhaustive key search to decrypt the following ciphertext, which was
    encrypted using the Shift Cipher. Please submit your supporting code or work, including all
    “decrypted” output.
    RZGXJHZOJECPXMTKOJGJBTGZONCVQZAPI
  3. (a) [10 Points] Suppose that π is the following permutation of {1, . . . , 8}.
    x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
    π(x) 4 1 6 2 7 3 8 5
    Compute the permutation π
    −1
    (b) [10 Points] Decrypt the following ciphertext, for the following Permutation Cipher
    with m = 8, which was encrypted using the key π
    PTRHPEOUFSOEMOPCNUITSIIGGNTSNIOHMTENRUSB
  4. [10 Points] Recall from pg 39, that with a chosen-plaintext attack (CPA) an adversary
    has obtained temporary access to the encryption machinery. Hence, they can choose a
    plaintext string, x, and obtain the corresponding ciphertext string, y.
    Show that the shift, substitution, and Vigen`ere ciphers are all trivial to break using a chosenplaintext attack.
  5. [10 Points] The index of coincidence method relies on a known value for the sum of the
    squares of plaintext-letter frequencies. Why would it not work using the following: P
    i
    pi?
  6. [30 Points] Determine the plaintext associated with this Vigen`ere encrypted ciphertext.
    You may find Example 2.12 (pg 46-48) helpful. Stinson-Paterson use subscript notation,
    fi
    , in their formulas. You may find it more convenient to use array notation, f[i]. In this
    case, f[i], 0 ≤ i ≤ 25, represents the count of the number of the i-th characters in the given
    substring. So f[0] = the number of As, f[1] = the number of Bs, f[25] = the number of Zs.
    In particular, we can rewrite fi + g as f[i + g] where i + g is calculated mod 26.
    Please see the supplied spreadsheet for sample calculations of Mg for the first
    substring from Example 2.12
    QHYXEFMGJRFXGOXZXHJXKESJOAGKASJPEMHQHYXEFHRGCUHRIIUMXCIEESJOAGKW
    EUDAVVVLWJCGNLVZWMSOVMLXOLSMXCIVHXNAAEPNSEXLJAUHRIIUMMICGNVAYLNV
    ZCGNGVRLCYNXSLOXYKMSHIJLACELMLZCOTROEFWXCIFMVTXGZMQILAEOXGMLZQTR
    XCILBQZCGNKZXAMFPMDMXCIQEPREFMWJQWMLDRYGIRMEVSIZAGGZHLAEOETHYOLS
    EJJJOAEOWWIEMELXWOLWLYXGWLWAYDXROVWIVZRWNVNJJHQOLWGSIWMVGZWKYYGS
    FXWDWHNVZTWKWZZWKEIGW
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