Analysis of complex sentences of wals info german features 122, 123, 124, 125,126,127,128

Project description
Analysis of complex sentences of wals info german features 122, 123, 124, 125,126,127,128
(starting with relativization on subjects ending with utterance complement clauses) Check out the features on the excel file for german! For instance explain

relativization on subjects explain relative pronoun, give examples for german, go value by value like this value 122 values 123 do not skip any values do not combine

them, you can get help from wals info.

0    FEATURES    C    Germany    French
1    Consonant Inventories    P    Average    Average
2    Vowel Quality Inventories    P    Large (7-14)    Large (7-14)
3    Consonant-Vowel Ratio    P    Low    Low
4    Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives    P    In both plosives and fricatives    In both plosives and fricatives
5    Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems    P    None missing in /p t k b d g/    None missing in /p t k b d g/
6    Uvular Consonants    P    Uvular continuants only    Uvular continuants only
7    Glottalized Consonants    P    No glottalized consonants    No glottalized consonants
8    Lateral Consonants    P    /l/, no obstruent laterals    /l/, no obstruent laterals
9    The Velar Nasal    P    No initial velar nasal    No velar nasal
10    Vowel Nasalization    P    Contrast absent    Contrast present
11    Front Rounded Vowels    P    High and mid    High and mid
12    Syllable Structure    P    Complex    Complex
13    Tone    P    No tones    No tones
14    Fixed Stress Locations    P    No fixed stress    No fixed stress
15    Weight-Sensitive Stress    P    Right-oriented: One of the last three    Right-edge: Ultimate or penultimate
16    Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems    P    Coda consonant    Prominence
17    Rhythm Types    P    Trochaic    Undetermined
18    Absence of Common Consonants    P    All present    All present
19    Presence of Uncommon Consonants    P    None    None
20    Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives    M    Exclusively concatenative    Exclusively concatenative
21    Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives    M    Case + number    No case
22    Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb    M    2-3 categories per word    4-5 categories per word
23    Locus of Marking in the Clause    M    Dependent marking    No marking
24    Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases    M    Dependent marking    Dependent marking
25    Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology    M    Dependent marking    Inconsistent or other
26    Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology    M    Strongly suffixing    Strongly suffixing
27    Reduplication    M    No productive reduplication    No productive reduplication
28    Case Syncretism    M    Core and non-core    Core and non-core
29    Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking    M    Syncretic    Syncretic
30    Number of Genders    NC    Three    Two
31    Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems    NC    Sex-based    Sex-based
32    Systems of Gender Assignment    NC    Semantic and formal    Semantic and formal
33    Coding of Nominal Plurality    NC    Plural suffix    Plural suffix
34    Occurrence of Nominal Plurality    NC    All nouns, always obligatory    All nouns, always obligatory
35    Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns    NC    Person-number stem    Person-number stem + nominal plural affix
36    The Associative Plural    NC    Unique periphrastic associative plural    No associative plural
37    Definite Articles    NC    Definite word distinct from demonstrative    Definite word distinct from demonstrative
38    Indefinite Articles    NC    Indefinite word same as ‘one’    Indefinite word same as ‘one’
39    Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns    NC    No inclusive/exclusive    No inclusive/exclusive
40    Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection    NC    No inclusive/exclusive    No inclusive/exclusive
41    Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives    NC    No distance contrast    No distance contrast
42    Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives    NC    Identical    Different stem
43    Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives    NC    Related by gender markers    Related by gender markers
44    Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns    NC    3rd person singular only    3rd person singular only
45    Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns    NC    Binary politeness distinction    Binary politeness distinction
46    Indefinite Pronouns    NC    Mixed    Generic-noun-based
47    Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns    NC    Differentiated    Differentiated
48    Person Marking on Adpositions    NC    No person marking    No person marking
49    Number of Cases    NC    4 cases    No morphological case-marking
50    Asymmetrical Case-Marking    NC    Syncretism in relevant NP-types     No case-marking
51    Position of Case Affixes    NC    Case suffixes    Prepositional clitics
52    Comitatives and Instrumentals    NC    Identity    Identity
53    Ordinal Numerals    NC    First, two-th, three-th    First, second, three-th
54    Distributive Numerals    NC    Marked by preceding word    No distributive numerals
55    Numeral Classifiers    NC    Absent    Absent
56    Conjunctions and Universal Quantifiers    NC    *    Formally different
57    Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes    NC    No possessive affixes    No possessive affixes
58    Obligatory Possessive Inflection    NS    Absent    Absent
59    Possessive Classification    NS    No possessive classification    No possessive classification
60    Genitives, Adjectives and Relative Clauses    NS    *    Highly differentiated
61    Adjectives without Nouns    NS    *    Without marking
62    Action Nominal Constructions    NS    Ergative-Possessive    Ergative-Possessive
63    Noun Phrase Conjunction    NS    *    And’ different from ‘with’
64    Nominal and Verbal Conjunction    NS    Identity     Identity
65    Perfective/Imperfective Aspect    VC    No grammatical marking    Grammatical marking
66    The Past Tense    VC    Present, no remoteness distinctions    Present, no remoteness distinctions
67    The Future Tense    VC    No inflectional future    Inflectional future exists
68    The Perfect    VC    From possessive    From possessive
69    Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes    VC    Tense-aspect suffixes    Tense-aspect suffixes
70    The Morphological Imperative    VC    Second singular    Second singular
71    The Prohibitive    VC    Normal imperative + normal negative    Normal imperative + normal negative
72    Imperative-Hortative Systems    VC    Neither type of system    Neither type of system
73    The Optative    VC    Inflectional optative absent    Inflectional optative absent
74    Situational Possibility    VC    Verbal constructions    Verbal constructions
75    Epistemic Possibility    VC    Verbal constructions    Verbal constructions
76    Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking    VC    Overlap for both possibility and necessity    Overlap for both possibility and necessity
77    Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality    VC    Indirect only    Indirect only
78    Coding of Evidentiality    VC    Modal morpheme    Modal morpheme
79    Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect    VC    Tense    Tense and aspect
80    Verbal Number and Suppletion    VC    None     None
81    Order of Subject, Object and Verb    WO    No dominant order    SVO
82    Order of Subject and Verb    WO    SV    SV
83    Order of Object and Verb    WO    No dominant order    VO
84    Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb    WO    No dominant order    VOX
85    Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase    WO    Prepositions    Prepositions
86    Order of Genitive and Noun    WO    Noun-Genitive    Noun-Genitive
87    Order of Adjective and Noun    WO    Adjective-Noun    Noun-Adjective
88    Order of Demonstrative and Noun    WO    Demonstrative-Noun    Demonstrative-Noun
89    Order of Numeral and Noun    WO    Numeral-Noun    Numeral-Noun
90    Order of Relative Clause and Noun    WO    Noun-Relative clause    Noun-Relative clause
91    Order of Degree Word and Adjective    WO    Degree word-Adjective    Degree word-Adjective
92    Position of Polar Question Particles    WO    No question particle    Initial
93    Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions    WO    Initial interrogative phrase    Initial interrogative phrase
94    Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause    WO    Initial subordinator word    Initial subordinator word
95    Relationship between the Order of O and V and the Order of Adposition and NP    WO    Other    VO and Prepositions
96    Relationship between the Order of O and V and the Order of RC and N    WO    Other    VO and Nrel
97    Relationship between the Order of O and V and the Order of Adj and N    WO    Other    VO and Nadj
98    Alignment of Case Marking of Full Noun Phrases    SC    Nominative – accusative (standard)    Neutral
99    Alignment of Case Marking of Pronouns    SC    Nominative – accusative (standard)    Nominative – accusative (standard)
100    Alignment of Verbal Person Marking    SC    Accusative    Accusative
101    Expression of Pronominal Subjects    SC    Obligatory pronouns in subject position    Obligatory pronouns in subject position
102    Verbal Person Marking    SC    Only the A argument    Only the A argument
103    Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking    SC    No zero realization     No zero realization
104    Order of Person Markers on the Verb    SC    A and P do not or do not both occur on the verb     A and P do not or do not both occur on the verb
105    Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb ‘Give’    SC    Indirect-object construction    Indirect-object construction
106    Reciprocal Constructions    SC    Mixed    Mixed
107    Passive Constructions    SC    Present    Present
108    Antipassive Constructions    SC    No antipassive    No antipassive
109    Applicative Constructions    SC    No applicative construction    No applicative construction
110    Periphrastic Causative Constructions    SC    Sequential but no purposive    *
111    Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions    SC    Morphological but no compound    Both
112    Negative Morphemes    SC    Negative particle    Negative particle
113    Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation    SC     Symmetric    Symmetric
114    Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation    SC     Non-assignable    Non-assignable
115    Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation    SC    No predicate negation    Mixed behaviour
116    Polar Questions    SC    Interrogative word order    Question particle
117    Predicative Possession    SC    haben’ und Genitive    *
118    Predicative Adjectives    SC    Nonverbal encoding    Nonverbal encoding
119    Nominal and Locational Predication    SC    Identical    Identical
120    Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals    SC    Impossible    Impossible
121    Comparative Constructions    SC    Particle Comparative    Particle
122    Relativization on Subjects    CS    Relative pronoun    Relative pronoun
123    Relativization on Obliques    CS    Relative pronoun    Relative pronoun
124    ‘Want’ Complement Subjects    CS    Subject is left implicit    Subject is left implicit
125    Purpose Clauses    CS    Balanced/deranked    Deranked
126    ‘When’ Clauses    CS    Balanced/deranked    Balanced/deranked
127    Reason Clauses    CS    Balanced    Balanced/deranked
128    Utterance Complement Clauses    CS    *    Balanced/deranked
129    Hand and Arm    L     Different    Different
130    Finger and Hand    L    Different    Different
131    Numeral Bases    L     Decimal    Decimal
132    Number of Non-Derived Basic Colour Categories    L    6    6
133    Number of Basic Colour Categories    L    11    11
134    Green and Blue    L    Green vs. blue    Green vs. blue
135    Red and Yellow    L     Red vs. yellow    Red vs. yellow
136    M-T Pronouns    L    M-T pronouns, paradigmatic    M-T pronouns, paradigmatic
137    N-M Pronouns    L    No N-M pronouns    No N-M pronouns
138    Tea    L     Words derived from Min Nan Chinese te     Words derived from Min Nan Chinese te
141    Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb    WO    Type 1 / Type 2    OptDoubleNeg
142    Position of Negative Word With Respect to S, O and V    WO    More than one position    *

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